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Are Millions at Risk? Blood Thinner Linked to Stroke & Heart Attack

The AHA! Team — Fri, 15 Aug 2025 05:30:54 +0000

News Staff via NaturalHealth365 – Blood thinners are an integral part of post-surgery treatment, as well as just a daily part of the lives of millions of Americans who suffer from coagulopathies (clotting disorders). While there are many long-standing blood thinners on the market, we want to focus on one in particular – Ticagrelor (Brilinta) – which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011 despite significant concern about its efficacy or the benefits of this drug over already existing anticoagulants. Though many countries outside the U.S. approved the drug, trials in the U.S. showed that the medicine wasn’t as effective as Astra Zeneca indicated. And though it is still a widely prescribed medication for clotting disorders, there is still a significant amount of concern over how effective and safe the drug is. Let’s look at this extremely common drug, the claims against it, and how you can naturally help your cardiovascular health. Was Ticagrelor’s FDA approval based on flawed data? To gain approval from the FDA, a medication has to prove that it’s better than similar medications on the market. This might be because it delivers similar results more cheaply, performs better, or includes something others do not (it does double duty). Ticagrelor is not cheaper – it’s $450/60-day supply or more – so the crux of the argument for approval was that it was better than its cheaper competitors. The trials didn’t reach the threshold for approval, and the drug was denied in 2010 but was approved in 2011. Here, we reach the main concern: the initial trials have been accused of misrepresenting or manipulating data, resulting in unreliable results. Subsequent independent trials indicate good cause for concern, citing difficulty replicating the so-called amazing results that Astra Zeneca reported initially. Is Ticagrelor worth the risk? Studies raise serious concerns Beyond the concerns that the initial approval data was fudged or manipulated, several other independent studies have shown signs that the risk of hemorrhage, stroke, or catastrophic blood clot is more likely in Ticagrelor than in its competitors. A study out of Japan showed that patients on Ticagrelor had a 9% rate of significant incidents (heart attack, stroke, hemorrhage, and death) versus around 6% for the competition. This, along with other studies, had many doctors and medical researchers suggesting that the Department of Justice look into the medication and the path to approval, though ultimately, that line of thinking was seemingly abandoned in 2013. Although the drug is still highly prescribed, the results of these studies and others have had many medical professionals think twice about administering it to their patients. And although the increased risk of cardiovascular events is only slightly higher with this medicine, the incidence rate is still higher. Combined with the sketchy path to approval and questionable methodology in their trials should make you question taking it if it’s been prescribed to you. Supporting heart health without the risks Several whole foods and holistic compounds offer blood-thinning and cardiovascular benefits for those interested in a natural approach. But, of course, you should never stop a blood thinner without doctor supervision and approval. Turmeric/Curcumin This powerful anti-inflammatory compound also has anticoagulant properties. While using turmeric as a spice is beneficial, concentrated curcumin in supplement form is a more reliable way to access its effects. Be sure to take it with black pepper, as its compounds enhance curcumin absorption. Most supplements include both, but it’s important to check. Lifestyle changes Taking care of your overall health is crucial for proper blood clotting and cardiovascular function. Daily exercise – at least 30 minutes – and regular movement like walking can help lower blood pressure, reduce cholesterol, improve heart health, and regulate platelet function. Sleep Quality sleep ensures that blood cells function properly and supports blood vessel elasticity and heart health. Whole foods over processed foods Ultra-processed foods are linked to numerous health issues, including cancer, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, obesity, and insulin resistance. A diet rich in whole foods – especially fiber-rich vegetables and fruits – can significantly benefit heart health. Omega-3 fatty acids Found in fatty fish like tuna and salmon, omega-3s support heart health, vessel elasticity, and brain function. If fish isn’t a regular part of your diet, supplementing with fish oil, krill oil, or borage oil may offer additional benefits. Herbal and natural supplements Ginkgo biloba promotes circulation and prevents platelet buildup. Garlic and ginger act as natural anticoagulants and reduce inflammation. Hawthorn berry strengthens the heart and improves blood flow. Stress management Chronic stress raises blood pressure, increasing the risk of stroke and heart attack. Managing stress effectively is crucial for cardiovascular health. Hydration Proper hydration is key to preventing clotting issues. Drinking water throughout the day and especially upon waking up can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Dehydration doesn’t directly cause heart attacks, but it is a significant contributing factor. Get grounded By having your feet touch the Earth, you can help to get rid of static electricity and other environmental electrical charges that surround you. Studies show that grounding can increase the surface charge of red blood cells (RBCs); increase the spacing between RBCs to reduce clumping; and improve blood flow throughout the body. Bottom line: investing in your health naturally is one of the best ways to keep your heart strong and reduce reliance on blood thinners like Ticagrelor. Editor’s note: Discover the best ways to avoid a heart attack and stroke, own the Cardiovascular Docu-Class created by NaturalHealth365 Programs. Sources for this article include: BMJ.com To read the original article click here.

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Early BPA Exposure Linked to Increased Risk of Heart Disease, Stroke, & Type 2 Diabetes

The AHA! Team — Wed, 16 Jul 2025 05:34:09 +0000

Patrick Tims via NaturalHealth365 – The pervasive presence of this toxic substance in everyday items creates a significant health threat. BPA (Bisphenol A), a colorless and soluble chemical, is likely within reach right now, as it’s commonly used in plastics and embedded in so many consumer products. The pervasive presence of this toxic substance in everyday items creates a significant health threat. A recent study in The Journal of Hazardous Materials links early BPA exposure to a higher risk of serious health issues, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, stroke, and heart disease. This early exposure can disrupt hormonal balance, leading to long-term consequences that extend well into adulthood. BPA is found in the most common consumer products BPA is found in food packaging, processed foods, consumer products, and even industrial items, making it nearly impossible to avoid. As an endocrine disruptor, this chemical alters hormones, increasing the risk of chronic diseases over time. Unfortunately, because it’s so widespread, exposure often begins early in life, during those crucial formative years. Research shows that BPA exposure in childhood sets the stage for cardiometabolic health issues that persist into adolescence and adulthood. By damaging blood vessels and the heart, BPA compromises the body’s ability to regulate weight, maintain healthy blood sugar levels, and process nutrients effectively, leading to long-term health challenges. A closer look at the BPA research that’s shaking up the health industry To better understand BPA exposure, the research team used direct and indirect methods to predict its impact. They cross-referenced food consumption diaries with demographic data, urine samples, and blood biomarkers, adjusting for key variables like overall energy intake. Participants were asked to provide detailed information about their food and drink choices, including when and where they consumed them and specifics like preparation methods, portion sizes, brand, and packaging. Because BPA exits the body quickly, 24-hour urine samples were analyzed to more accurately measure daily exposure. The team followed up at 4-, 7-, and 10-year intervals, with a 13-year follow-up for adolescents, to track the long-term effects of early exposure. BPA causes a multitude of health problems most aren’t aware of According to the study, BPA exposure is linked to increased fat mass, particularly around the waist, leading to a higher risk of abdominal obesity. This type of fat accumulation is especially concerning, as it’s associated with a greater risk of metabolic conditions like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, BPA exposure can significantly impact insulin function, raising insulin resistance and levels in the body. This disrupts the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar effectively, which, over time, can lead to chronic conditions such as insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The compound’s effects on metabolism can be subtle but serious, impacting long-term health in often overlooked ways. Tips to reduce BPA exposure If you have a child, or teen at home, reducing their exposure to BPA is essential. While BPA is widespread in consumer products, there are simple actions you can take to limit its presence in your home. When shopping, avoid processed foods and choose organic options instead. Once home, transfer food from plastic packaging into BPA-free containers, such as glass or stainless steel. To further reduce BPA exposure, minimize the use of plastics whenever possible. Opt for bulk items instead of those packaged in plastic and choose products with plastic-free packaging. By making these small changes, you can significantly lower your family’s BPA exposure and support healthier long-term outcomes. Sources for this article include: Sciencedirect.com Childrenshealthdefense.org To read the original article click here.

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Bali Secret Grows New Brain Cells

The AHA! Team — Mon, 10 Feb 2025 06:32:15 +0000

Al Sears, MD, CNS – When I was in Bali, I learned that elephants – which are well known for their long and impressive memories – go to great lengths to seek out gotu kola leaves. It’s one of their favorite foods. Could this plant be the reason why elephants never forget? Who knows? What we do know is that research proves gotu kola can enhance your brain power. Let me explain… For decades, scientists believed that the adult human brain couldn’t grow new brain cells. They thought we were born with all the brain cells we’ll ever have – and that when they were gone, they were gone for good. They thought we were born with all the brain cells we’ll ever have However, a breakthrough study by researchers at Princeton University proved the opposite. That study, published in the prestigious Journal of Science, revealed the continuous growth of new brain cells in adult macaque monkeys. Then, a follow-up study published in the journal Cell found that humans also produce new neurons. And that – even in old age – your brain still produces around 700 new neurons a day.[i] In other words, despite what “medical experts” may tell you, your memory and cognitive performance don’t have to decline. In fact, they can actually improve as you age. And one of the best ways to boost your brain performance is with gotu kola, or Centella asiatica. Research shows it can revitalize your brain and nervous system and help you feel sharp and alert as it recharges your memory. Research shows it can revitalize your brain and nervous system In a number of studies, gotu kola enhanced memory performance, problem-solving abilities, intelligence, and mental energy.[ii] A landmark study published in the Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology found that gotu kola stimulates the growth of brain cells…[iii] While additional studies proved that gotu kola: [iv],[v],[vi],[vii] Improves cognitive function – even in cognitively impaired older adults Doubles how quickly and accurately you process information Increases problem-solving skills up to 45% Improves reading skills up to 29% Significantly boosts your attention span Increases concentration Further studies also give us lots of evidence that gotu kola is a powerful antioxidant and brain protector, as well as a nerve growth factor. Studies show it may also help stop plaque formation in Alzheimer’s disease and prevent dopamine neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s.[viii],[ix] I’ve recommended gotu kola for years as a way to treat stroke victims suffering from stroke-related dementia. A recent study backs up what I learned from traditional healers… According to this study from Indonesia, where gotu kola is used commonly in both traditional and mainstream medicine, concluded that therapy with an extract of the herb at 750 mg per day for six weeks was “effective in improving cognitive impairment after stroke.” The extract is called TTFCA, which stands for triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica. This contains gotu kola’s most potent components. And it has shown special strength in improving memory.[x] Other studies have shown gotu kola is highly effective at preventing strokes in the first place – by promoting healthy veins and combatting high blood pressure. TTFCA improves the dilatation of blood vessels, which decreases blood pressure and improves blood flow throughout your body – from the largest veins to the tiniest of capillaries.[xi] When choosing a gotu kola supplement, look for one with more of the active components. Choose one that is standardized to the asiaticosides or asiatic acid. 3 Ways You Can Improve Your Memory with Gotu Kola I recommend my patients use gotu kola in three ways. As an extract. Take 10 to 20 ml per day. As a supplement. When choosing a gotu kola supplement, look for one with more of the active components. Select one that is standardized to the asiaticosides or asiatic acid. I recommend taking 300 mg a day. As a dried herb. One of my favorite ways to use gotu kola is by making a cup of tea. Here’s how: Measure 1 to 2 teaspoons (about 6 to 8 grams) of dried gotu kola into a cup. Cover with boiling water and allow to steep for 15 minutes. Strain, then sweeten with organic honey. Enjoy three cups a day. [i] Spalding K, et al. “Dynamics of hippocampal neurogenesis in adult humans.” Cell. 2013 Jun 6; 153(6):1219–1227. [ii] Prakash A, Kumar A. “Mitoprotective effect of Centella asiatica against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity in rats: possible relevance to its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptosis mechanism.” Neurol Sci. 2013 Aug;34(8):1403-9. [iii] Soumyanath A, et al. “Centella asiatica accelerates nerve regeneration upon oral administration and contains multiple active fractions increasing neurite elongation in-vitro.” J Pharmacy Pharmacol. 2005;57(9):1221–1229. [iv] Shinomol GK, et al. “Exploring the role of ‘Brahmi’ (Bacopa monnieri and Centella asiatica) in brain function and therapy.” Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov. 2011;5(1):51-57. [v] Xu Y, et al. “Gotu kola (Centella Asiatica) extract enhances phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein in neuroblastoma cells expressing amyloid beta peptide.” J Alzheimers Dis. 2008 Apr;13(3):341-9. [vi] Tiwari S, et al. “Effect of Centella asiatica on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and other common age-related clinical problems.” Dig J Nanomater Bio. 2008;3:215–220. [vii] Wattanathorn J, et al. “Positive modulation of cognition and mood in the healthy elderly volunteer following the administration of Centella asiatica.” J Ethnopharmacol. 2008;116(2):325-332. [viii] Orhan I. “Centella asiatica (L.) Urban: From traditional medicine to modern medicine with neuroprotective potential.” eCAM. 2012;2012:946259. [ix] Xu Y, et al. “Gotu Kola (Centella Asiatica) extract enhances phosphorylation of cyclic AMP response element binding protein in neuroblastoma cells expressing amyloid beta peptide.” J Alzheimers Dis. 2008 Apr; 13(3):341-9. [x] Farhana KM, Malueka RG, et al. “Effectiveness of gotu kola extract 750 mg and 1000 mg compared with folic acid 3 mg in improving vascular cognitive impairment after stroke.” eCAM. 2016: 2795915. [xi] Incandela L, et al. “Total triterpenic fraction of Centella asiatica in chronic venous insufficiency and in high-perfusion microangiopathy.” Angiology. 2001 Oct.;52 Suppl 2:S9-13. To read the original article click here.

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Know the Signs of Stroke – BE FAST

The AHA! Team — Tue, 04 Feb 2025 06:42:32 +0000

Debbe Geiger via Duke Health – Know the Signs of Stroke – BE FAST While stroke is the fifth leading cause of death, few people know the signs. Use the acronym BE FAST to remember the signs of stroke, and what to do if someone near you is experiencing them. BE FAST Reminder of Stroke Signs B – Balance Is the person suddenly having trouble with balance or coordination? E – Eyes Is the person experiencing suddenly blurred or double vision or a sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes without pain? F – Face Drooping Does one side of the face droop or is it numb? Ask the person to smile. A- Arm Weakness Is one arm weak or numb? Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward? S – Speech Difficulty Is speech slurred, are they unable to speak, or are they hard to understand? Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence like, “The sky is blue.” Is the sentence repeated correctly? T – Time to call 911 If the person shows any of these symptoms, even if the symptoms go away, call 911 and get them to the hospital immediately Source: American Stroke Association To read the original article click here.

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Uncontrolled Hypertension: The Old ‘Silent Killer’ is Alive and Well

The AHA! Team — Mon, 18 Nov 2024 06:53:13 +0000

Florida Atlantic University via EurekAlert! – In the United States and worldwide, cardiovascular disease is the leading avoidable cause of premature death and disability. Primarily heart attacks and stroke, cardiovascular disease accounts for more than 900,000 annual deaths nationally and about 10 million deaths globally. Uncontrolled hypertension or high blood pressure is a major risk factor for stroke and heart attacks. Prevention and management of cardiovascular disease involves therapeutic lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise and adjunctive drug therapies of proven benefit. In a commentary published in The American Journal of Medicine, researchers from Florida Atlantic University’s Schmidt College of Medicine and colleagues alert health care providers that the old “silent killer” is alive and well. “Health providers should be aware that uncontrolled hypertension is one of the most common, serious and increasing conditions in their patients,” said Stacy Rubin, M.D., senior author and an assistant professor of medicine, FAU Schmidt College of Medicine. “Health providers urgently need to control blood pressure and should be mindful that sudden cardiac death accounts for 50% of deaths from cardiovascular disease and is the first symptomatic event in about 25% of cases. Moreover, for 76% of stroke patients, the initial presenting symptom is the stroke itself.” The authors note that controlling hypertension is effective and, at least in theory, straightforward. Landmark U.S. study in the 1970s, about 50% of patients were aware of their high blood pressure Before the Hypertension Detection and Follow Up Program, a landmark study conducted in the 1970s in the U.S., only about 50% of patients were aware of their high blood pressure. Of those, only 50% were actively treated. Of that group, only 50% received effective treatment. Therefore, only one-eighth of all patients were effectively treated. Today, these figures show that 54% are aware of their high blood pressure, 40% are actively treated and 21% are actively controlled. Guidelines have been developed in many countries worldwide and all tend to emphasize the need for strict control. According to the latest guidelines from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology, healthy individuals should have a systolic blood pressure of 130 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) or less, and a diastolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg or less. “With these latest definitions, hypertension affects about 45% of the U.S. adult population,” said Panagiota “Yiota” Kitsantas, Ph.D., co-author and professor and chair of the Department of Population Health and Social Medicine, FAU Schmidt College of Medicine. “Another clinical challenge is metabolic syndrome, which includes central adiposity, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated fasting blood glucose and hypertension.” Metabolic syndrome is a chief risk factor for heart attacks and stroke in the U.S. The authors caution that metabolic syndrome is a chief risk factor for heart attacks and stroke in the U.S., which is the heaviest society in the world. “For patients with metabolic syndrome, we believe that angiotensin converting enzyme or ACE inhibitors or their more potent next generation drugs, the receptor blockers, are the first drug of choice,” said Charles H. Hennekens, M.D., Dr.PH., co-author, and corresponding author, the first Sir Richard Doll Professor of Medicine, senior academic advisor, and a professor of preventive medicine in the Department of Population Health and Social Medicine, FAU Schmidt College of Medicine. “These drugs have beneficial effects on heart attacks, stroke, and kidney disease, another major consequence of untreated hypertension.” Making positive lifestyle changes like losing weight, being more physically active, and cutting down on salt intake has been shown to be beneficial for managing blood pressure. For those whose blood pressure is above 130/80, a combination of these lifestyle changes along with medications can safely and effectively lower blood pressure. Medications are typically started for individuals whose pressure remains above 140/90 despite these lifestyle changes. The authors suggest that both health providers and patients should be aware of the variability of blood pressure from day-to-day and from morning to night. As such, effective treatment is complicated by the health provider’s need to produce an algorithm to each of their patients. In addition, the patient must take an active role in monitoring their blood pressure. For this reason, the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology recommend the Omron blood monitor, which is used to measure blood pressure levels at home. Health providers should counsel their patients to check their blood pressure each morning and night “Health providers should counsel their patients to check their blood pressure each morning and night and whether to administer a particular drug or its dose, which should be adjusted accordingly based on the average of three readings taken about five minutes apart,” said Hennekens. “While uncontrolled hypertension remains alive and well in the U.S. and worldwide, strict attention to these issues by health providers has the potential to ‘kill the old silent killer.’” Co-authors are Barry R. Davis, M.D., Ph.D., professor emeritus of biostatistics and data science, University of Texas – Houston School of Public Health; Jared Greenwald, a high school and pre-medical student; John Dunn and Alexandra Matarazzo, both second-year medical students at FAU; and Katerina Benson, a second-year pre-medical student at FAU. Hennekens served as principal investigator (PI) of the Coordinating Center for the landmark National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) funded Trials of Hypertension Prevention multicenter randomized trials for both phases I and II. Davis served as PI of the Coordinating Center for the landmark NHLBI funded Anti-Hypertensive and Lipid Lowering to Prevent Heart Attack multicenter randomized trials. – FAU – Journal The American Journal of Medicine DOI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.07.005 To read the original article click here.

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Does a Beet a Day Keep Heart Disease Away?

The AHA! Team — Mon, 11 Nov 2024 06:45:17 +0000

Penn State via EurekAlert! – Beetroot juice promotes healthy circulation in postmenopausal women, according to a new study led by Penn State researchers UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — After women go through menopause, their risk of heart disease increases dramatically. To improve and support heart and blood vessel health among postmenopausal women, researchers at Penn State studied whether beetroot juice can improve how blood vessels function. Results published today (June 10) in Frontiers in Nutrition indicated that daily consumption of beetroot juice by postmenopausal women may improve blood vessel function enough to reduce future heart disease risk. Beetroot juice contains high levels of nitrate, which the body converts to nitric oxide. Nitric oxide helps blood vessels expand, making it easier for blood to flow through the circulatory system. The ability of nitric oxide to widen blood vessels is known to be particularly helpful during periods of limited blood flow and oxygen delivery, such as during a heart attack, according to the researchers. David Proctor, professor of kinesiology and physiology at Penn State, and Jocelyn Delgado Spicuzza, who earned her doctorate in integrative and biomedical physiology from Penn State in May, led an interdisciplinary team of researchers who tested how nitrate-rich beetroot juice impacted blood vessel health in 24 postmenopausal women in their 50s and 60s. “After menopause, women no longer produce estrogen, which helps maintain nitric oxide in the body,” said Delgado Spicuzza, first author of the research and current SAFE-T center research project manager. “This loss of nitric oxide production contributes to the substantial increase in heart disease risk for postmenopausal women. Foods that are rich in nitrate — especially beets — are being investigated as a natural, non-pharmaceutical way to protect the heart and blood vessels.” Nitrate is an approved food additive for some animal-based food products, such as processed meats. However, nitrate food additives and preservatives are strictly regulated due to their potential to cause cancer, according to Delgado Spicuzza. In contrast, plants like beets, spinach and lettuce naturally accumulate nitrate from the soil. These plant-based sources of nitrate have cardiovascular benefits because the human body can convert nitrates from plants to nitric oxide, which it cannot do with nitrate added to meats. In this study, participants had their vascular function tested at the Penn State Clinical Research Center and then consumed two 2.3-ounce bottles of beetroot juice as an initial dose, followed by one bottle every morning for a week. All participants consumed concentrated beetroot juice, with each serving providing as much nitrate as three large beets. A few weeks later, the participants drank beetroot juice with the nitrate removed. Neither the researchers nor the participants knew which juice was being consumed at the time of testing. A day after their last dose, participants returned for testing of their vascular function. The researchers compared how well blood vessels expanded for each woman when they were and were not consuming the nitrate-rich beetroot juice. The researchers used an ultrasound sensor to monitor how blood flowed through the brachial artery — which is in the upper arm and supplies blood to the hands — during a stress test in which blood flow was restricted in each participant’s forearm for five minutes. When the restriction was removed, researchers measured how blood flow changed in the brachial artery again. The results showed that consumption of nitrate-rich beetroot juice each day improved blood flow compared to when the participants drank nitrate-free beetroot juice. The researchers said that this level of improved blood-vessel function — if it could be maintained over the postmenopausal years — could significantly reduce the risk of heart disease. They said that long-term health benefits of beetroot juice have not been studied at this point, but the long-term benefits of nitrate-rich vegetables have been confirmed. Women may need to consume beetroot juice daily “Women may need to consume beetroot juice daily — or even more often — to experience all of the potential cardiovascular benefits,” Proctor said. “Still, this research shows that beetroot juice can be very useful in protecting blood vessel health of mid-life women during a period of accelerating heart disease risk.” This study included women considered early postmenopausal, or one to six years post-menopause, and late postmenopausal, six or more years post-menopause. Late postmenopausal women saw the same benefits as the early postmenopausal group. Delgado Spicuzza said the research team was particularly excited to find that beetroot juice improved blood vessel health for women who had gone through menopause years earlier. Some treatments for protecting cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women — like hormone therapy — are only safe during the first several years post-menopause. After that, hormone therapy can increase the risk of cancers and stroke. “Some clinicians are already recommending beetroot juice to men and women with high blood pressure,” Delgado Spicuzza said. “By providing a safe and effective way to improve blood vessel function, beets could help maintain cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women. When you consider that most women are postmenopausal for at least a third of their lives, you can begin to understand the potential significance of these results.” Some clinicians are already recommending beetroot juice to men and women with high blood pressure Delgado Spicuzza won the Mid-Atlantic American College of Sports Medicine 2023 Doctoral Student Investigator Award for her presentation on this research in fall of 2023. She said it is gratifying to see this research resonate with other researchers and especially with the women in the study, who seemed to embrace the potential of beetroot juice. “Several of the participants said that they intended to continue consuming beetroot juice after the study concluded,” she said. “There seems to be a real desire on the part of postmenopausal women to support their cardiovascular health without taking additional medications. In part, I believe beets can be a complimentary food to improve blood vessel health in millions of women as they age.” Jigar Gosalia, graduate student in kinesiology at Penn State; Mary Jane De Souza, distinguished professor of kinesiology and physiology at Penn State; Kristina Petersen, associate professor of nutritional sciences at Penn State; Michael Flanagan, doctor of family medicine at Penn State Health; Liezhou Zhong, postdoctoral research fellow in the School of Medical and Health Science at Edith Cowan University in Australia; Catherine Bondonno, senior research fellow in the School of Medical and Health Science at Edith Cowan University in Australia; Elmira Alipour, clinical research coordinator at Atrium Health Carolinas Medical Center; Daniel Kim-Shapiro, professor of physics and Harbert Family Distinguished Chair for Excellence in Teaching and Scholarship at Wake Forest University; and Yasina Somani, assistant professor of exercise physiology at the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom, all contributed to this research. The researchers said they are grateful to Cyndi Flanagan and Christa Oelhaf, nurses in the Clinical Research Center, for their contributions to this research. This research was funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Huck Endowment for Nutritional Research in Family and Community Medicine at Penn State College of Medicine and University Park. Journal Frontiers in Nutrition DOI 10.3389/fnut.2024.1359671 To read the original article click here.

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Are Gender and Sexual Identity Linked to Brain Health?

The AHA! Team — Wed, 06 Nov 2024 06:51:50 +0000

American Academy of Neurology (AAN) via Newswise – LGBTQ+ people may be more likely to have negative brain health outcomes, including a higher risk of dementia and late-life depression, than people who are straight, according to a recent study published in the online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. LGBTQ+ people may be more likely to have negative brain health outcomes, including a higher risk of dementia and late-life depression MINNEAPOLIS – LGBTQ+ people may be more likely to have negative brain health outcomes, including a higher risk of dementia and late-life depression, than people who are cisgender and straight, according to a study published in the September 25, 2024, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. These results do not prove that sexual or gender diversity causes neurological diseases, they only show an association. LGBTQ+ refers to people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and nonbinary, plus other people who are sexually or gender diverse. Sexual diversity refers to individuals whose sexual orientation is different from straight, including lesbian, gay or bisexual people. Gender diversity refers to individuals whose gender identity does not align with the sex they were assigned at birth, which includes transgender and nonbinary people. Cisgender refers to individuals whose gender identity matches their sex assigned at birth. “In a world that increasingly recognizes the crucial role of equitable health care, it remains concerning how little is known about the health disparities faced by LGBTQ+ people,” said study author Shufan Huo, MD, PhD at the Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut. “Our study looked at this group, which has been historically underrepresented in neurological research, and found that they had an increased risk of adverse brain health outcomes.” For the study, researchers evaluated data from 393,041 people with an average age of 51. Of the total group, 353,409 were cisgender and straight people, and 39,632 were LGBTQ+ people. Researchers evaluated electronic health records and self-reported data to identify a composite score of the following neurological conditions: dementia, late-life depression and stroke. They then evaluated each disease separately and looked at all subgroups of the LGBTQ+ participants. A total of 21,091 people had a neurological disease. Of those, 11,553 people had late-life depression, 6,605 people had strokes and 2,933 people had dementia. After adjusting for factors that could affect the risk of these three neurological conditions, such as age, smoking or high blood pressure, researchers found that LGBTQ+ people were 15% more likely to develop negative brain health outcomes in these conditions when compared to people who identified as cisgender and straight. Researchers also found that LGBTQ+ people had a higher risk of dementia and late-life depression, 14% and 27% respectively, than people who were cisgender and straight. “Our findings underscore the need for further research focusing on the health care disparities affecting the LGBTQ+ community,” Huo said. “Possible reasons for these disparities could include discrimination, stress, access to health care and policy and legal factors.” When looking at stroke, researchers found a higher risk only for transgender women, who were 68% more likely to have a stroke than cisgender people. A limitation of the study was that it did not look at the causes and mechanisms behind the inequities faced by LGBTQ+ people. For example, the study did not look at gender-affirming hormone therapy in transgender people, which could play a role in increased stroke risks in transgender women. The study was supported by the German Research Foundation. To read the original article click here.

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Dad’s Quest to Aid Son Leads to Stroke-Recovery Technology

The AHA! Team — Wed, 09 Oct 2024 08:31:39 +0000

John Jeffay via Israel21c – BRAIN.Q helmet’s tailored, low-intensity, low-frequency electromagnetic stimulation aims to enhance and accelerate the brain’s recovery after stroke. Yaron Segal has, like many thousands of enterprising Israelis, identified a problem. And like so many in a country driven by technological innovation, he’s established a startup to find a solution. But he’s not so interested in the payday “exit” that attracts most entrepreneurs in the Startup Nation. His ultimate goal is to find a treatment for his son Lear, born 23 years ago born with familial dysautonomia, a rare and progressive genetic neurological disorder. Segal is not an obvious candidate for the job. He trained as a physicist, specializing in climate, satellites, and three-dimensional models of the atmosphere. But when Lear was diagnosed at the age of three months, Segal decided that he would devote his energy, passion and intellect to finding an effective treatment. Remarkable discoveries He isn’t there yet, but in the long – and often frustrating – process of trying, he has made some remarkable discoveries about the brain’s ability to repair itself, and has developed a treatment that has the potential to help stroke patients live more independent lives. Segal is confident that the same technology will, at some point in the future, also benefit people living with depression, PTSD, ADHD, spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries and other brain-related conditions … and familial dysautonomia. His noninvasive, cloud-based “brainwave helmet” activates a low-intensity electromagnetic field around the patient’s head. In clinical trials with stroke patients, it was demonstrated the treatment significantly improved outcomes in the treated group compared to the control group. It is believed that the investigational technology device encourages the growth of new links between brain cells – links that can get broken by a trauma, or in the case of familial dysautonomia, never existed in the first place. BRAIN.Q, the startup Segal cofounded in 2016, now has 25 staff in Israel and the USA and has attracted $50 million in funding. The crazy guy Segal was, as he puts it, “the crazy guy” who became convinced that the adult brain was capable, with encouragement, of repairing itself. Not completely, but significantly. His theory flew in the face of received medical wisdom. “Neuroplasticity” is the brain’s ability to change and adapt throughout a person’s life and reorganize its structure, functions and connections in response to new experiences, learning or environmental changes. But that couldn’t happen fully in damaged parts of the brain where there is no neural activity – until Segal’s breakthrough. He started experimenting in 2010, funded by friends and family, and within two years he’d shown that mice and rats could, with an early form of his treatment, learn to walk and function again after suffering a brain injury or a broken spinal cord. A potential investor showed the raw data from Segal’s experiment to an expert, who simply refused to accept it was possible. The dismissive response, Segal recalls, was: “I don’t believe it happened. You cannot revive links between cells.” Segal was disappointed but not dismayed. The next step was to test his breakthrough on humans. Faster recovery In a clinical trial conducted in India, stroke patients received the BRAIN.Q therapy using an earlier version of the device for 45 minutes a day, for two months. “The data points to faster recovery of the treated group, indicating that BRAIN.Q’s treatment may not only improve the overall recovery after stroke, but also shorten the recovery period. We hope to test this hypothesis in our ongoing clinical trial,” says Segal. “Some recovered dramatically in the first month, some in the second, depending on how injured the brain was. “People regained everyday function so that they didn’t need help with eating or changing clothes or bathing. “After two months of treatment someone who couldn’t move their legs and was in a wheelchair could walk. Sometimes with a stick, but they could walk.” Tools to fix the problem Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability worldwide. BRAIN.Q’s treatment reduces disability and enhances the potential for recovery. “We are affecting the brain directly, but in a non-invasive manner,” says Segal. “We are affecting the ability of the brain to regenerate connections between cells. “I don’t want to push the brain to do something that it can’t do by itself. I want to harness its natural pattern of waves,” he explains. “You can take a tow truck and drive your broken car all around the city. But I want to take it to the mechanic who will use simple tools and fix the problem.” How did he feel when he saw how the first patients had recovered? “I wanted to cry,” he says. He goes on to relate the story of a woman in Israel who suffered a spinal cord injury in a car crash and has regained control of her legs and bowels, thanks to BRAIN.Q. And there are many more examples. BRAIN.Q, based at the Hebrew University’s Givat Ram campus in Jerusalem, is now conducting trials of the investigational device at patients’ homes after they’ve been discharged from the hospital. “In the beginning I was the CEO because there was nobody else in the company,” says Segal. “Then I became the chief technical officer and now I’m chief of innovation because I think this is where I’m doing the best work I can do.” Can he help his son? Although his son Lear’s diagnosis set him on this journey, Segal eventually honed in on treating strokes because, in neurological terms, they are less complex than familial dysautonomia (also known as Riley-Day syndrome). Familial dysautonomia, particularly prevalent among individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, affects the autonomic nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions such as breathing, swallowing, digestion, tear production and muscle stability. Lear doesn’t have natural tears, can’t drink liquids, has to eat condensed food, and needs to be held while attempting to walk. In addition, he had spinal fusion surgery at the age of 10. “The most serious situation is when he is in crisis, meaning that whenever he has stress, his autonomic nervous system tries to balance his blood pressure, temperature and chemical balance, and fails. His body goes into ‘panic’ conditions, very similar to those when a normal person is bitten by a snake — he starts to vomit, his blood pressure skyrockets, his temperature increases,” Segal says. “The only way to help him is using medication that brings his autonomic nervous system to a halt, causing it to reset and resume normal operation.” Segal is hopeful that, in time, BRAIN.Q will find a way to re-grow neural links in people with this condition. Meanwhile, he is gratified that the technology can aid stroke patients. For more information, click here. To read the original article click here.

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Melatonin Could Be a Potential Therapy for Long-COVID Symptoms

AHA Publisher — Thu, 17 Nov 2022 08:00:30 +0000

Dr. Chinta Sidharthan via News-Medical – A recent review published in the journal Biomolecules discussed the potential uses of melatonin in treating brain fog and chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis symptoms associated with long coronavirus disease (COVID). Background An emerging concern associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is long COVID or clinical sequelae consisting of chronic fatigue, memory loss, muscle weakness, reduced pulmonary capacity during exertion, persistent fever, myalgia, epileptic seizures, stroke, and other cardiovascular complications. Patients who have recovered from severe COVID-19 experience these debilitating symptoms for months after recovery. Furthermore, studies that examined vaccinated individuals who experienced breakthrough severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections found a high incidence of long COVID symptoms such as deteriorated musculoskeletal, neurological, and mental health among these individuals after recovery. This indicates that vaccination provides only limited protection against long COVID. Melatonin is a cryoprotective hormone and chemical that exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunoregulatory activity and has been seen to impair viral infections, play a role in circadian rhythm maintenance, and be effective against diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. It is also involved in the activation of glutathione-synthesizing enzymes. Melatonin could potentially be a therapeutic agent in treating long COVID symptoms. Long COVID Symptoms Brain fog is a general term used to defineimpaired cognitive function, such as difficulty concentrating, loss of working and short-term memory, and difficulty with verbal and non-verbal methods of learning and mathematical problem-solving. While brain fog can be a consequence of various factors such as sleep deprivation, malnutrition, pregnancy or menopause-related hormonal changes, or even chemotherapy, it was the most reported symptom among COVID-19-recovering patients with no history of other diseases or hypoxia. An intelligence test in the United Kingdom detected cognitive impairments in a significant number of individuals with COVID-19. Symptoms included memory loss, disorientation, and reduced mental energy. Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is characterized by excessive and persistent fatigue, inability to perform physical exercise, and autonomic dysregulation. ME/CFS is also associated with disruption of circadian rhythms and the gut/mucosal barrier, mitochondrial dysfunction, and a pro-inflammatory state. Studies indicated that 45% of COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized and required intensive care unit admission exhibited ME/CFS symptoms up to six months after recovery. Melatonin as a Potential Long COVID Treatment Melatonin is a hormone naturally produced in all aerobically respiring life forms, and it performs antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant, and neuroprotective functions in the body. It reduces the pro-inflammatory response of macrophages, activates nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, and suppresses the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Melatonin is also known to balance inflammatory responses by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukins (IL) 1β, 6, and 8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Warburg’s effect during viral infections causes a shift from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis which occurs in the cytoplasm. This is accompanied by inflammation-promoting mechanisms such as an increase in NF-κB and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Consequently, the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages are converted to pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages, causing a cytokine storm known to cause endothelial tissue and organ damage in severe COVID-19 patients. The anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin in preventing pro-inflammatory profiles or macrophages and suppressing NF-κB activation can help reverse Warburg’s effect in long COVID patients. Melatonin also regulates the amyloid β (Aβ) metabolism associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Studies with transgenic Alzheimer’s disease models have shown that melatonin can control neuroinflammation by interacting with Aβ40 and Aβ42 and increasing protein degradation. Furthermore, the ability of melatonin to regulate circadian rhythms and sleep patterns has been shown to improve cognitive function and sleep in patients in the early stages of cognitive decline. Melatonin is also known to exhibit therapeutic activity against the various symptoms of ME/CFS, such as oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory state, mitochondrial and bioenergetic dysregulation, and disruption of the gut/mucosal barrier. Conclusions Overall, the review reported the significant potential for the use of melatonin in long-COVID and COVID-19 therapy. Studies have shown melatonin is more effective in reducing COVID-19 inflammatory markers than commonly used SARS-CoV-2 antivirals. The authors believe that although melatonin exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunostimulant properties that many studies have reported being effective against COVID-19, it has not been promoted as a therapeutic option, possibly due to its easy availability and non-patentability, which makes it an unattractive target for pharmaceutical industries. They recommend clinical trials to explore the use of melatonin as a treatment for long COVID symptoms. To read the original article click here.

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