excess weight Archives - Amazing Health Advances

Obesity’s Impact on Back Pain, Blood Pressure, Cancer, & Diabetes

The AHA! Team — Wed, 04 Jun 2025 05:26:48 +0000

Michael Greger M.D. FACLM via Nutrition Facts – Losing weight can reduce sciatica, hypertension, and cancer risk, as well as reverse type 2 diabetes. A is for Arthritis In the ABCs of the health consequences of obesity, A is for Arthritis, as I discussed in my previous blog post, and B is for Back Pain. Being overweight is not just a risk factor for low back pain, but it is also a risk factor for sciatica (a radiating nerve pain), as well as degenerating lumbar discs and disc herniation. Similar to what we learned in the arthritis story, this may also be due to a combination of the excess weight, high cholesterol, and inflammation associated with being overweight. Why cholesterol? Studies of autopsies and angiographies show that the lumbar arteries that feed our spine can get clogged with atherosclerosis and starve the disks in our lower back, as you can see below and at 0:47 in my video The Effects of Obesity on Back Pain, Blood Pressure, Cancer, and Diabetes. B is also for Blood Pressure. Excess visceral fat—for example, internal abdominal fat—can physically compress our kidneys. The increased pressure can effectively squeeze sodium back into our bloodstream, increasing our blood pressure. Together, the combination of obesity and hypertension can have “disastrous health implications,” but the good news is that just a few pounds of weight loss can help take off the pressure. Losing excess weight has been described as “a vital strategy for controlling hypertension.” In fact, researchers found that losing around nine pounds (4 kg) may lower blood pressure about as much as cutting salt intake approximately in half can. C is for Cancer. As many as three-quarters of people surveyed “were unaware that being overweight or obese increased a person’s risk of cancer,” when, in fact, based on a comprehensive review of more than a thousand studies, excess body fat raises the risk of most cancers, including esophageal, stomach, colorectal, liver, gallbladder, pancreatic, breast, uterine, ovarian, kidney, brain, thyroid, and bone marrow (multiple myeloma) cancers, as you can see below and at 2:00 in my video. It could be the chronic inflammation of obesity or perhaps it is the high insulin levels due to insulin resistance. (Besides controlling blood sugars, insulin is also “a potent growth factor” that can promote tumor growth.) In women, it could also be the excess estrogen. After the ovaries shut down at menopause, fat takes over as the principal site of estrogen production. That’s why women who are obese have up to nearly twice the estrogen levels circulating in their bloodstream, which is associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer and dying from it. The data on prostate cancer aren’t as strong, though obesity is associated with increased risk of invasive penis cancer. Cause-and-Effect One of the reasons we’re confident the link between obesity and cancer is cause-and-effect—and not just an indirect consequence of eating poorly—is that the overall risk of cancer goes down when people lose weight, even through bariatric surgery. Researchers found that those experiencing a sustained weight loss of about 40 pounds (19.9 kg) after surgery went on to develop around one-third fewer cancers over the subsequent decade, compared with matched individuals in the nonsurgical control group who continued to slowly gain weight over time. The exception, though, is colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer “Colorectal cancer is the only known malignancy where the risk of being diagnosed with disease seems to increase after obesity surgery.” Indeed, after bariatric surgery, the rate of rectal cancer death may triple. The rearrangement of anatomy involved in one of the most common surgeries—Roux-en-Y gastric bypass—is thought to increase bile acid exposure along the intestinal lining. This causes sustained pro-inflammatory changes even years after the procedure, which is thought responsible for the increased cancer risk. In contrast, losing weight by dietary means has the potential to decrease obesity-related cancer risk across the board. D is for Diabetes. As presented in a consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation, obesity is considered the single most important risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes, which is the leading cause of kidney failure, lower-limb amputations, and adult-onset blindness. Ironically, many of the leading drugs used to treat diabetes (including insulin itself) cause further weight gain, creating a vicious cycle. So, again, using lifestyle medicine to treat the underlying cause is not only safer, simpler, and cheaper, but can also be most effective. If you missed my previous video, check out The Best Knee Replacement Alternative for Osteoarthritis Treatment. Coming up next? See related posts below. I continue the topic of weight control with these videos that may be of interest to you: Is the Obesity Paradox Real or a Myth? and Friday Favorites: What’s the Ideal BMI and Waist Size?. For more on back pain, blood pressure, cancer, and diabetes, check out their topic pages. Key Takeaways Obesity increases the risk of low back pain, sciatica, and lumbar disc degeneration due to excess weight, high cholesterol, and inflammation, which may restrict blood flow to the spine, and the loss of even a few pounds, can help reduce blood pressure and prevent related health complications. Obesity raises the risk of many cancers, including breast, liver, and colorectal cancer, due to chronic inflammation, high insulin, and, in women, increased estrogen levels post-menopause. Weight loss, including through bariatric surgery, significantly lowers cancer risk, except for colorectal cancer, where the surgery may increase the risk due to bile acid exposure. Obesity is the primary risk factor for type 2 diabetes, which can lead to severe complications. Lifestyle changes targeting obesity can be more effective than medications, which may cause further weight gain. To read the original article click here.

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1/3 Children Worldwide Forecast to be Obese or Overweight by 2050

The AHA! Team — Mon, 02 Jun 2025 05:39:15 +0000

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute via EurekAlert! – Obesity rates are set to skyrocket, with one in six children and adolescents worldwide forecast to be obese by 2050, according to a new study. But with significant increases predicted within the next five years, the researchers stress urgent action now could turn the tide on the public health crisis. The research, led by Murdoch Children’s Research Institute (MCRI) and published in The Lancet, found a third of children and adolescents will be overweight (385 million) or obese (360 million) within the next 25 years. The forecast equates to 356 million children aged 5–14 years and 390 million aged 15–24 years with one in six facing obesity. The global obesity rate for those between 5-24 years old tripled from 1990 to 2021, rising by 244 per cent to 174 million, suggesting that current approaches to curbing increases in obesity have failed a generation of young people. As of 2021, 493 million children and adolescents were overweight or obese. MCRI Dr Jessica Kerr said if immediate five-year action plans were not developed, the future was bleak for our youth. “Children and adolescents remain a vulnerable population within the obesity epidemic,” she said. Prevention is key as obesity rarely resolves after adolescence. “This giant burden will not only cost the health system and the economy billions, but complications associated with a high Body Mass Index (BMI), including diabetes, cancer, heart problems, breathing issues, fertility problems and mental health challenge, will negatively impact our children and adolescents now and into the future, even holding the potential to impact our grandchildren’s risk of obesity and quality of life for decades to come. “Despite these findings indicating monumental societal failures and a lack of coordinated global action across the entire developmental window to reduce obesity, our results provide optimism that this trajectory can be avoided if action comes before 2030.” The analysis, released on World Obesity Day, used the 2021 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to estimate the latest overweight and obesity levels and forecasts in 204 countries and territories. The United Arab Emirates, Cook Islands, Nauru and Tonga are forecast to have the highest prevalence while China, Egypt, India and the US will have the greatest number of children and adolescents with obesity by 2050. In Australia, children and adolescents have experienced some of the fastest transitions to obesity in the world. Girls are already more likely to be obese than overweight. Overall, by 2050 for those aged 5-24 years, 2.2 million are forecasted to be obese and 1.6 million overweight. Globally, there will be more boys, 5–14 years, with obesity than being overweight by 2050. “Without urgent policy reform, the transition to obesity will be particularly rapid in north Africa, the Middle East, Latin America and in the Caribbean, where the rise is concurrent with high population numbers and limited resources,” Dr Kerr said. “Many regions have historically had to focus on preventing undernutrition and stunting in children. To prevent a public health emergency from this newer threat, an immediate imperative should be creating national surveillance surveys of obesity in children and adolescents in every country.” Dr Kerr said older adolescent girls, aged 15-24 years entering their reproductive years, were a priority population for intervention. “Adolescent girls who are obese are a main focus if we are to avoid intergenerational transmission of obesity, chronic conditions and the dire financial and societal costs across future generations,” she said. “With this age group increasingly being out of school and cared for by adult services, we need to focus interventions at the community and commercial level.” MCRI Professor Susan Sawyer said governments needed to invest in multicomponent strategies that reduce obesity drivers, across food and drink, activity, lifestyle and the built environment. “While people and families can work to balance their physical activity, diet and sleep, everything in our environments works to counteract these efforts,” she said. “Given this huge global shift in children’s and adolescents’ weight, we can no longer keep blaming people for their choices. We require governments to step up by addressing regulatory interventions including taxing sugar sweetened beverages, banning junk food advertising aimed at children and young people and funding healthy meals in primary and secondary schools. We also need to consider the benefits of wider policies such as overhauling urban planning to encourage active lifestyles.” Publication: ‘Global, regional, and national prevalence of child and adolescent overweight and obesity, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021,’ The Lancet. *The content of this communication is the sole responsibility of MCRI and does not reflect the views of the NHMRC. Available for interview: Dr Jessica Kerr, MCRI Adolescent Health researcher Professor Susan Sawyer, MCRI, Group Leader, Adolescent Health Professor Peter Azzopardi, MCRI, Group Leader, Global Adolescent Health Journal The Lancet DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00397-6 To read the original article click here.

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Obesity’s Impacts on Gallstones, Acid Reflux, and Heart Disease

The AHA! Team — Wed, 28 May 2025 05:29:02 +0000

Michael Greger M.D. FACLM via Nutrition Facts – Sufficient, sustained weight loss may cut the risk of fatal heart attacks and strokes in half. In the ABCs of health consequences of obesity, G is for Gallstones. The top digestive reason people are hospitalized is a gallbladder attack. Every year, more than a million Americans are diagnosed with gallstones, and about 700,000 must have their gallbladders surgically removed. It is a relatively safe procedure, with complication rates tending to be under 5 percent and a mortality rate of only about 1 in 1,000. However one in ten may develop a post-cholecystectomy syndrome of persistent gastrointestinal symptoms long after their gallbladder is removed. What are gallstones made of? In 80 to 90 percent of cases, gallstones are mostly crystalized cholesterol, forming like rock candy in our gallbladder when cholesterol gets too concentrated. This was used to explain why some small, early studies found that non-vegetarians had a higher incidence of gallstones. However, results from more recent, larger studies are more equivocal; one study suggests that a “vegetarian diet may therefore protect” against gallbladder disease, for instance, while another shows higher rates among vegetarians, independent of weight. As I discuss in my video The Effects of Obesity on Gallstones, Acid Reflux, and Cardiovascular Disease, the biggest purported cause-and-effect risk factor may be obesity, increasing risk as much as sevenfold, as you can see below and at 1:32 in my video, with a doubling of risk even at the heavier side of “the normal BMI range.” Ironically, rapid weight loss may also be a trigger. Half a pound (0.2 kg) a day has been deemed the upper limit for medically safe weight loss, based on gallstone formation. Ultrasound studies found that, above that, the chance of new gallstones can go from less than 1 in 200 a week to closer to 1 in 40, as shown below and at 1:59. To help prevent a gallstone attack, we can increase our fiber intake. Not only is dietary fiber intake associated with less gallbladder disease in the first place, but those placed on high-fiber foods during a weight-loss regimen suffered significantly less gallbladder sludging than those losing the same amount of weight without getting the extra fiber. G is also for gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD. Fiber-rich food consumption decreases the risk of acid reflux, too. I previously explored how chronically straining at stool may push part of the stomach up into the chest cavity. Well, excess abdominal pressure due to obesity may have the same effect, pushing acid up into the throat and causing heartburn and inflammation. The increased pressure on the abdominal organs associated with obesity may also explain why overweight women suffer from more vaginal prolapse, where organs such as the rectum push out and into the vaginal cavity. The deadliest letter in the alphabet of obesity consequences is H, which is for Heart Disease. Of the four million deaths attributed to excess body weight every year around the world, nearly 70 percent are due to cardiovascular disease. Is it just because of eating poorly? Mendelian randomization studies suggest that people randomized from conception to be heavier—based only on genetics—do indeed have higher rates of heart disease and stroke regardless of what they eat. The question is: If you lose weight, does your risk drop? Enter the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial, the first long-term controlled trial to compare the outcomes of thousands of bariatric surgery patients to matched control subjects who started out at the same weight but went the nonsurgical route. Individuals in the control group maintained their weight, whereas those in the surgical group maintained about a 20 percent weight loss over the next 10 to 20 years. In that period, those in the weight-loss group not only developed 80 percent less diabetes, but they suffered significantly fewer heart attacks and strokes. So, unsurprisingly, they significantly reduced their total mortality overall. Ten years out, the weight-loss group appeared to cut their risk of fatal heart attacks and strokes in half, as shown below and at 4:23 in my video. If you missed the previous videos in my series on the ABCs of obesity, see: The Best Knee Replacement Alternative for Osteoarthritis Treatment The Effects of Obesity on Back Pain, Blood Pressure, Cancer, and Diabetes The Effects of Obesity on Dementia, Brain Function, and Fertility I continue the topic of obesity and weight with videos in the related posts below. For more on the health conditions discussed in this video, see the gallstones, GERD, and heart disease topic pages. The GERD-related video I mentioned is Diet and Hiatal Hernia. Key Takeaways Obesity increases the risk of gallstones by up to sevenfold, and gallstones are primarily made of crystallized cholesterol. Rapid weight loss can also trigger gallstone formation. While gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy) is generally safe, about 10 percent of patients may develop persistent digestive issues known as post-cholecystectomy syndrome. Increasing dietary fiber may help prevent gallbladder attacks and reduce the risk of gallstone formation during weight loss efforts, as well as lower the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Obesity contributes to GERD, acid reflux, by increasing abdominal pressure, which pushes stomach acid into the throat, leading to heartburn and inflammation. Obesity is a major cause of heart disease, responsible for nearly 70 percent of deaths related to excess body weight. Long-term weight loss can significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and mortality. To read the original article click here.

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Metabolic Syndrome Linked to Increased Risk of Second Stroke, Death

AHA Publisher — Thu, 29 Jul 2021 07:11:25 +0000

American Academy of Neurology (AAN) via Newswise – People with larger waistlines, high blood pressure and other risk factors that make up metabolic syndrome may be at higher risk for having a second stroke and even dying than people who do not have metabolic syndrome, according to a meta-analysis published in the July 28, 2021, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. Metabolic syndrome was defined as having excess belly fat plus two or more of the following risk factors: high blood pressure, higher than normal triglycerides (a type of fat found in the blood), high blood sugar and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or “good” cholesterol. “Studies have shown conflicting results on whether metabolic syndrome, which has been tied to an increased risk of a first stroke, also increases the risk of a second stroke and death, so we wanted to analyze all of the research available,” said study author Tian Li, MD, of Fourth Military Medical University in Xi’an, China. “These findings will help people with metabolic syndrome and their health care providers know that they should be screened for risk of recurrent stroke and given preventative treatments.” For the risk of stroke recurrence, the meta-analysis combined results from six studies with 11,000 participants who were followed for up to five years. During that time, 1,250 people had a second stroke. The analysis found that people with metabolic syndrome were 46% more likely to have a second stroke than people who did not have the syndrome. Looking at each component of metabolic syndrome, researchers found that having a low level of good cholesterol and having two or more components of the syndrome were associated independently with an increased risk of a second stroke. Having excess belly fat, high blood sugar and high blood pressure were not associated with increased risk of second stroke on their own. For the risk of death from any cause, the meta-analysis combined eight studies with 51,613 people who were followed for up to five years. During that time, 4,210 people died. People with metabolic syndrome were 27% more likely to die during the study than people without the syndrome. None of the individual components of the syndrome were independently associated with an increased risk of death. “These results add to the evidence that people with metabolic syndrome should take steps to modify their risk of second stroke and even death where possible, through medication, diet, exercise and other recommended lifestyle changes such as stopping smoking,” Li said. Li noted that the studies were observational, so they do not prove that metabolic syndrome is a cause of recurrent stroke or death. They only show an association. The meta-analysis was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Siming Scholars of Shuguang Hospital, Third Batch of Suzhou High-tech District Health Talents Project and Suzhou Science and Technology Plan Project. Learn more about stroke at BrainandLife.org, home of the American Academy of Neurology’s free patient and caregiver magazine focused on the intersection of neurologic disease and brain health. Follow Brain & Life®on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. When posting to social media channels about this research, we encourage you to use the hashtags #Neurology and #AANscience. The American Academy of Neurology is the world’s largest association of neurologists and neuroscience professionals, with over 36,000 members. The AAN is dedicated to promoting the highest quality patient-centered neurologic care. A neurologist is a doctor with specialized training in diagnosing, treating and managing disorders of the brain and nervous system such as Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, migraine, multiple sclerosis, concussion, Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. To read the original article click here.

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