AI Breakthrough Slashes Celiac Diagnosis Time from Months to Minutes

The AHA! Team — Fri, 09 May 2025 05:01:21 +0000

Cassie B. via Natural News – Cambridge researchers created an AI tool diagnosing celiac disease as accurately as human pathologists but in under a minute. The AI achieved 97% accuracy in tests using 4,000+ biopsy images, reducing wait times from months to seconds. Experts highlight AI’s potential to ease NHS backlogs but note infrastructure gaps hinder adoption. Untreated celiac disease can cause severe complications, affecting 1 in 100 people globally. British researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed an artificial intelligence tool that diagnoses celiac disease with the same accuracy as human pathologists but at a fraction of the time, potentially reducing diagnosis wait times from months to less than a minute. The breakthrough, published March 27 in the New England Journal of Medicine AI, demonstrates how market-driven technological solutions could alleviate inefficiencies plaguing government-run healthcare systems like Britain’s National Health Service (NHS), where patients routinely face lengthy wait times for diagnosis and treatment. AI matches pathologist accuracy while drastically reducing wait times The machine learning algorithm was trained on more than 4,000 biopsy images from five different hospitals and tested on an independent set of 650 previously unseen images. The results showed remarkable accuracy – correctly identifying celiac disease in more than 97% of cases, with sensitivity exceeding 95% and specificity of almost 98%. “It can take many years to receive an accurate diagnosis, and at a time of intense pressures on healthcare systems, these delays are likely to continue,” said Elizabeth Soilleux, consultant hematopathologist and professor of pathology at Cambridge University, who led the research. “AI has the potential to speed up this process, allowing patients to receive a diagnosis faster, while at the same time taking pressure off NHS waiting lists.” AI model delivers results Dr. Florian Jaeckle, co-author of the research, highlighted the dramatic time savings: while human pathologists require 5-10 minutes to analyze each biopsy, the AI model delivers results “in less than a minute and as soon as a biopsy is scanned.” “Duodenal biopsies are often put at the back of the pathologist’s lists as they are not as serious as for example a possible cancer case, meaning that patients often have to wait weeks or even months to find out if they have celiac disease,” Jaeckle explained. “With AI they could get a result almost instantly… Therefore, there would never be a waiting list with AI.” Government healthcare infrastructure lags behind innovation Despite the promising technology, the president of the Royal College of Pathologists acknowledged significant barriers to implementation within Britain’s government-run healthcare system. Dr. Bernie Croal said that while the AI tool “has the potential to radically transform how we diagnose celiac disease,” the NHS lacks the necessary digital infrastructure to fully utilize such innovations. “More work will be needed to get to the point where AI is fully developed and used safely in the NHS,” Croal admitted. “Investment in digital pathology, joined up functional IT systems… as well as training for pathologists to understand and use AI, will all need to be put in place.” These infrastructure shortcomings highlight a persistent pattern in government-managed healthcare: while private sector innovation rapidly advances diagnostic and treatment capabilities, bureaucratic systems struggle to keep pace with technological progress. Celiac disease affects approximately one in 100 people, causing symptoms including stomach cramps, diarrhea, skin rashes, weight loss, fatigue, and anemia when patients consume gluten. When left untreated, it can lead to serious complications including malnutrition, osteoporosis, infertility, and increased risk of certain cancers. The Cambridge researchers have established a spinout company, Lyzeum Ltd, to commercialize the algorithm, creating a market-based pathway for this life-improving technology to reach patients while government systems catch up. The research received funding from Coeliac UK, Innovate UK, and the Cambridge Centre for Data-Driven Discovery, demonstrating how private sector partnerships can accelerate medical breakthroughs without total reliance on government resources. Sources for this article include: TheGuardian.com Cam.ac.uk MedicalXpress.com To read the original article, click here

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Neurons Promote Growth of Brain Tumor Cells

AHA Publisher — Sat, 28 Sep 2019 02:48:35 +0000

German Cancer Research Center via EurekAlert – Glioblastomas invade the healthy brain in a diffuse pattern like a fungal network. As a result, they cannot be completely removed by surgery, and they also survive intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Glioblastomas are thus among the most dangerous tumors in humans; the average survival time is 15 months following the initial diagnosis. Joint press release by Heidelberg University Hospital and the German Cancer Research Center In a current paper published in the journal “Nature”, Heidelberg-based researchers and physicians describe how neurons in the brain establish contact with aggressive glioblastomas and thus promote tumor growth / New tumor activation mechanism provides starting points for clinical trials. Neurons transmit their signals to each other via synapses, fine cell projections with terminals that contact another neuron. Researchers and physicians at Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg Medical Faculty, and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) have now discovered that neurons in the brain form these kinds of direct cell-to-cell contacts with tumor cells of aggressive glioblastomas too, thus transmitting impulses to the cancer cells. The tumor benefits from this “input”: The activation signals are probably a driving force behind the tumor growth and the invasion of healthy brain tissue by tumor cells, as Frank Winkler, Thomas Kuner, and their teams discovered using special imaging methods. But there is also some good news: Certain substances can block the signal transmission in animal experiments. The results have just been published online in the journal “Nature”. Networks of Neurons and Tumor Cells Glioblastomas invade the healthy brain in a diffuse pattern like a fungal network. As a result, they cannot be completely removed by surgery, and they also survive intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Glioblastomas are thus among the most dangerous tumors in humans; the average survival time is 15 months following the initial diagnosis. In 2015, the team led by Frank Winkler, head of the Research Group Experimental Neurooncology in the Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, discovered a cause of this resistance to treatment: The glioblastoma cells are connected to one another through long cell protrusions. They communicate through these connections, exchange substances that are relevant for their survival, and thus protect themselves from treatment-related damage. The current findings add a further piece of the puzzle to our understanding of this type of cancer: “The tumor cells are not only interconnected in the brain like neurons; they also receive direct signals from them,” explained Winkler, whose research group is affiliated with the University Hospital and the DKFZ. The researchers observed the growth of human glioblastomas that they had transferred to mice, and studied cell cultures with human neurons and tumor cells, and tissue samples from patients. To do so, they used a wide range of modern microscopy methods, which provide detailed three-dimensional images of the connections – only micrometers large – between neurons and tumor cells as well as showing their molecular structure and signals within the cells. Electrical recordings from tumor cells revealed electrical currents generating from the synaptic connections, which form the starting point for further processing of these signals in the tumor cells. “We were able to show that signal transmission from neurons to tumor cells does in fact work like stimulating synapses between the neurons themselves,” added Thomas Kuner, Director of the Department of Functional Neuroanatomy at the Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, where the synaptic connections were first discovered by Varun Venkataramani. “This project began with an observation in basic research. In close cooperation with our clinical partners, it has led to conceptually new insights which will allow new treatment approaches to be developed using targeted translational research.” A Fatal Mechanism – But One That Opens Up New Avenues for Treatment How exactly activation of the tumor cell ultimately leads to increased tumor growth and invasion of healthy areas of the brain by the glioma cells has yet to be clarified. It is clear that this mechanism can be blocked in animals, however. Possible methods include a significant reduction of brain activity (for example under general anesthesia), pharmacological interventions that interrupt binding of the neurotransmitters on the AMPA receptor, or blocking the AMPA receptor using genetic engineering. In all these cases, tumor spread became slower in animal experiments. “This mechanism is therefore an extremely interesting approach for drug development and future drug treatments,” neurooncologist Winkler emphasized. “Suitable substances have in fact already been approved that block the AMPA receptor and are used to treat other neurological diseases. These substances are promising candidates for clinical trials.” “The new results not only show what makes glioblastomas so aggressive, but also how they could be stopped. That is highly relevant from a translational point of view and paves the way for clinical studies,” commented Wolfgang Wick, Medical Director of the Neurology Department at Heidelberg University Hospital and head of the Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology at DKFZ. “We are also extremely pleased that the work of our junior researcher Varun Venkataramani, who also works in clinical practice, has been acknowledged by a publication in such a prestigious journal as, Nature’.” The relevance of the results from Heidelberg has been confirmed by a paper from Stanford University, California, USA: Michelle Monje and her research team also found synaptic connections between neurons and tumor cells in currently untreatable pediatric brain tumors and also observed the treatment effects reported by the Heidelberg-based researchers. Both papers are being published in “Nature” simultaneously. To read the original article click here.

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AI Breakthrough Slashes Celiac Diagnosis Time from Months to Minutes

Neurons Promote Growth of Brain Tumor Cells