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Bringing Sunlight Indoors for Better Health

The AHA! Team — Mon, 05 Aug 2024 08:24:34 +0000

Brian Blum via Israel21c – Solight collects natural light and directs it through a series of tubes to illuminate the indoors through holes in the tube or light fixtures. “Human beings are out of sync,” says Ofer Becker, CTO of Haifa-based startup Solight. Indeed, because most of us in the Western world spend so much time indoors, we’ve lost our connection to natural sunlight. And that can lead to health problems, from a lack of healing Vitamin D to a lack of sleep-facilitating melatonin. The body’s circadian rhythm – the biological clock that regulates the sleep/wake cycle and much more – is also highly affected by sunlight exposure. Spending more time outdoors is the simple answer, but that’s not so easy when you work 9-5 in an office. That’s the issue Becker and his Solight cofounder, his brother and company CEO Dror Becker, set out to solve with Solight. The company’s technology collects natural sunlight from outdoors and directs it through a series of tubes indoors, where it can illuminate a room through holes in the tube or light fixtures attached to those openings. There are financial savings, of course – if you can light a home or office with natural sunlight, you use less electricity – but the real benefit, Becker tells ISRAEL21c, has to do with health. Stronger than a drug In one Korean research study Becker cited, natural sunlight increased the recovery time of hospital patients by an average of 30 percent. Hospitalizations were 8% shorter after orthopedic surgery, 18% less after pediatric surgery, and nearly 10% less after urological, ophthalmologic or dental surgery. Sleep is critical to healing and sunlight plays perhaps the deciding factor. “Natural sunlight is stronger than any kind of drug to cure insomnia,” Becker explains, citing data from the Good Light Group. Just 20 minutes outside in strong sunlight near the end of the day can make a huge difference. Proper lighting can also improve mood, increase concentration and, in general, synchronize one’s internal biological clock with the outside environment. Becker points to research showing that worker productivity increases up to 18% when buildings have more natural lighting. Retail sales have been shown to jump by 25% when lighting is improved. A Cornell study found that letting natural light into hospital nurses’ workstations had a measurably positive effect on alertness and mood. A 1999 study by the Heschong Mahone Group reported that “daylighting” elementary schools resulted in a 20% faster progression by students in math and 25% faster progression in reading. A periscope approach To bring natural sunlight indoors, Solight has adopted a relatively low-tech approach. Other than the solar collector, the SOLIS system has no moving parts or electronics and requires little or no maintenance. Solight’s first focus is on commercial installations — offices, factories, school and hospitals up to five stories tall. Because Solight’s process requires hands-on, third-party installation for each customer, “high-rise buildings require too many modifications,” Becker explains. While Solight has integrated its technology into some new buildings, retrofitting existing infrastructure makes up the lion’s share of the market. Upfront design and consultation can be done in less than a day, Becker adds. Solight’s components can be mixed and matched like LEGO bricks, so installation can be as quick as three hours. Solight first puts a collector on a rooftop or southern façade. The collector is then attached to a “light guide” – a reflective tube in which light travels in real time. “It’s similar to the periscope in a submarine,” Becker explains. “Light comes in the top, travels through an optical system, and leaves via the bottom. We do not store or transform the light.” Paying customers Launched in 2012, Solight devoted the first six years to perfecting its technology. Now it’s actively supplying natural sunlight solutions to clients in Israel, plus a couple of projects under development in India. Paying customers include Israel Railways, which has installed Solight’s technology in its Beersheva depot; the four-year-old Kedma hotel in Sde Boker in Israel’s Negev desert; the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology and the Bazan refinery, both in Haifa; a preschool in Ramat Gan; the Arava Agri-Research Institute in Ein Yahav; the Eilat municipality’s education network; and Kfar Saba’s recycling and sustainability center. Soon, the system will be installed in 10 buildings in Tel Aviv that are being refurbished. All told, Solight has 23 systems installed in Israel, although the company is not at a mass production level yet. It currently costs around $10,000 for a Solight system to be installed for a commercial building. Becker is working to slash that figure in half. Sunshine on a cloudy day There are other companies working on channeling natural sunlight indoors – Becker cites Velux and SolaTube, both of which are “doing fantastic work. However, our system is more efficient by a factor of three for direct sunlight and a factor of four to five when there are clouds.” While other systems can cease operating when conditions are cloudy or hazy, he adds, “We remain proportional. If we have half the sunlight on a cloudy day, you still get half the sunlight inside.” On days when some artificial light is necessary, Solight suggests that customers make up the difference using dimmer switches or a smart-home system (such as those from Apple and Amazon) to add the proper amount of indoor lighting. Despite Solight’s ability to shuttle light from outside to inside, little heat is generated. At the Kedma, Becker explains, the indoor temperature rose two to three degrees, which can be easily compensated for by air conditioning. How much natural sunlight does one need? Direct sunlight has the power of 100,000 lux, Becker points out. That’s way too much for indoors, where only 500 lux is recommended by The Good Light Group. Solight uses indirect reflection towards, say, a ceiling to bring down the intensity. Dispersing the light over a wider area will also reduce its strength. Doing business during a war Solight has raised money from the Israel Innovation Authority, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 program and private investors. The Israeli ministries of the environment and energy have chipped in support, as well. Since October 7, however, the sun has not shone as brightly for Solight, which is based in the Haifa district on Tirat Hacarmel. Overseas investment in Israeli startups has plummeted since the war against Hamas in Gaza began. The money the company raised in 2021 has run out. “We had to let some people go, even though all of our recent projects have been profitable with a nice margin,” says Becker. Only the Becker brothers remain on payroll – and not even that, as Ofer has spent 120 days over the past seven months in the IDF reserves and has been called up for another two months. But meanwhile, recognition of the importance of natural sunlight is growing. The European Union has issued guidelines for how much outside lighting new buildings must support. Becker says that could reach up to 30% of all buildings in Europe by 2030. “The 20 or so installations we’ve done are just a drop in the bucket of potential,” Becker says. Even Apple has added light measuring abilities to its latest Watch. While the future may be bright, for now at least, Becker says, “We just have to survive long enough.” For more information, click here. To read the original article click here.

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Study Links Exposure to Nighttime Artificial Lights with Elevated Thyroid Cancer Risk

AHA Publisher — Mon, 08 Feb 2021 08:00:54 +0000

Wiley via EurekAlert – People living in regions with high levels of outdoor artificial light at night may face a higher risk of developing thyroid cancer. The finding comes from a study published early online in CANCER, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society. Over the past century, nightscapes–especially in cities–have drastically changed due to the rapid growth of electric lighting. Also, epidemiological studies have reported an association between higher satellite-measured levels of nighttime light and elevated breast cancer risk. Because some breast cancers may share a common hormone-dependent basis with thyroid cancer, a team led by Qian Xiao, PhD, of The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, looked for an association between light at night and later development of thyroid cancer among participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, which recruited American adults aged 50 to 71 years in 1995-1996. The investigators analyzed satellite imagery data to estimate levels of light at night at participants’ residential addresses, and they examined state cancer registry databases to identify thyroid cancer diagnoses through 2011. Among 464,371 participants who were followed for an average of 12.8 years, 856 cases of thyroid cancer were diagnosed (384 in men and 472 in women). When compared with the lowest quintile of light at night, the highest quintile was associated with a 55 percent higher risk of developing thyroid cancer. The association was primarily driven by the most common form of thyroid cancer, called papillary thyroid cancer, and it was stronger in women than in men. In women, the association was stronger for localized cancer with no sign of spread to other parts of the body, while in men the association was stronger for more advanced stages of cancer. The association appeared to be similar for different tumor sizes and across participants with different sociodemographic characteristics and body mass index. The researchers noted that additional epidemiologic studies are needed to confirm their findings. If confirmed, it will be important to understand the mechanisms underlying the relationship between light at night and thyroid cancer. The scientists noted that light at night suppresses melatonin, a modulator of estrogen activity that may have important anti-tumor effects. Also, light at night may lead to disruption of the body’s internal clock (or circadian rhythms), which is a risk factor for various types of cancer. “As an observational study, our study is not designed to establish causality. Therefore, we don’t know if higher levels of outdoor light at night lead to an elevated risk for thyroid cancer; however, given the well-established evidence supporting a role of light exposure at night and circadian disruption, we hope our study will motivate researchers to further examine the relationship between light at night and cancer, and other diseases,” said Dr. Xiao. “Recently, there have been efforts in some cities to reduce light pollution, and we believe future studies should evaluate if and to what degree such efforts impact human health.” To read the original article click here.

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6 Reasons You’re Not Getting Good Sleep & Why It’s Dire

AHA Publisher — Sat, 25 Jul 2020 07:00:07 +0000

Dr. Don Colbert – It’s estimated that 50 to 70 million Americans have problems with getting good sleep. Are you one of them? Or, are you getting enough sleep each night; at least 7 hours, with much of it being deep sleep? If not, here’s what you need to know. A new study was recently published about the effects of insufficient sleep and rapid eye movement (REM). Plus, we have 6 reasons you may not be getting enough, and what you can do about it. Not Getting Good Sleep? It May Be a Dire Situation It’s no secret that lack of sleep has negative effects on your body. If you’re not getting good sleep each night, at least 7 hours, you likely also get less REM. This can increase cortisol levels, depressed moods, and irritability while decreasing reaction times, focus, and overall wellness. But, do these effects have dire consequences? New Study Links REM and Mortality A new study published in July in JAMA found an association with less REM percentage and an increased risk for death in middle-aged and older adults (1). Investigators at the University of California, San Diego, studied insufficient REM percentage and its consequences. They found that each 5% reduction of REM over a 12-year period was associated with a 13% increase in mortality rate. The primary study included 2675 men (mean age, 76.3 years), and followed them for approximately 12 years. A cohort study included 1386 individuals (54.3% men, mean age 51.5 years), with a follow-up of approximately 21 years. The investigators followed the sleep scores and mortality throughout the study. Self-report sleep measures were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire. This study did not show cause and effect but did establish the association of low REM percentage and increased mortality. Causes of Death in the Study The causes of death in the study were categorized as cardiovascular, cancer, or other. Approximately half (53%) of the participants in the primary study died during follow-up. The highest percentage of deaths was recorded among those in the lowest REM sleep percentage. After analysis adjustments, it was determined that there was a 13% higher mortality rate for every 5% reduction in REM sleep among participants. These findings were similar and significant for cardiovascular and “other causes of death” but not cancer-related death. Findings were similar in the cohort study. REM Percentage The percentage of REM was calculated throughout the study using polysomnography and evaluation with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. A “healthy” percentage of REM for most adults is approximately 20-25% (2). The mean percentage of REM sleep in the study was 19.2%. Within all causes of death, the mortality rate was greater for those participants who had <15% REM sleep per night than those with 15% or more. Those with <15% REM were generally older and also had higher rates of antidepressant use, cardiac events and conditions, and engaged in less physical activity. Dire Consequences Unfortunately, the answer is “yes,” the consequences of insufficient sleep and REM percentage may be dire. While this study shows increased mortality, the investigators are not sure exactly what connects it to REM. They do know insufficient REM percentage and sleep negatively affect the cardiovascular system, metabolism, brain, and overall quality of life. How can you get more REM and avoid the effects? 6 Reasons You’re Not Getting Good Sleep and REM 1. Stress Stress affects individuals in many different ways. It can affect digestion, emotional stability, the cardiovascular system, brain function, and for many, sleep quality (3). And there’s more. Recent studies have shown it may be associated with lower brain volume and memory issues in mid-life (5). If you’re going to bed with lots on your mind and feel that stress is negatively affecting your sleep, it’s important to take stress relief-steps. What to do: Do your best to get some stress relief before bed. Try exercising earlier in the day or getting outside with a walk after dinner. Take time to write in a journal before bed, prepare for your next day, and pray. For more tips to reduce stress and cortisol, see this post. 2. Artificial Light & Circadian Rhythms Many of us live in an artificial light world. We’re inside too much of the day, especially in the winter. Our circadian rhythms depend on the natural cycle of light in order to promote good sleep cycles. If we’re inside all day without much exposure to natural sunlight, this rhythm can suffer. If we experience excessive nighttime exposure to artificial light, our brains are signals that it is still daytime, and our rhythms suffer. A combination of lack of daylight, and too much artificial evening light, can lead to poorer sleep patterns. What to do: Make every effort to get out into natural sunlight in the morning, and throughout the day. Turn lights down and power screens off an hour before bedtime. 3. Busy Schedules and Late Nights The more we do, the less we likely sleep. And unfortunately, many families have very busy schedules. For those with kids and teens, scheduled activities can reach far into the evening, disrupting dinner and downtime. In fact, many kids and teens get inadequate sleep. What’s more, American adults often reach for their computers and put in work hours during the evening. Or, they spend time on screens, delaying sleep. What to do: If your schedule or your family’s schedule is negatively affecting sleep, it’s time to cut down on activities or choose those that can be finished early in the evening. Keep kids and teens at a consistent bedtime. Do your best to prioritize the whole family’s sleep schedule. 4. Too Much Caffeine If you’re not getting good sleep and feel fatigued during the day, you may start increasing your caffeine intake to perk up. This is often a band-aid used by sleepy adults, but it just makes the issue of insufficient sleep worse. In fact, if you feel you “need” caffeine after the morning hours to function well, it’s a strong indicator that you simply need more sleep. One study from Australia found that poor sleepers drank ~70-295 mg caffeine per day, while those who self-reported as “good sleepers” only drank ~60-190 gm per day. This study only included 80 people, but may indicate that >200 mg caffeine was associated with poorer sleep in this group (6). What to do: If caffeine is affecting your sleep, trying capping your caffeine intake at 200 mg or less per day, or 12 ounces strong coffee. Avoid caffeine after 2 pm. 5. Unhealthy Weight If you are overweight, it may negatively affect your sleep. Unfortunately, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common sleep disorder, affects 17% of the total population and 40–70% of the obese population (7, 8). Studies have found that sleep apnea is associated with metabolic diseases and weight gain, and being overweight is associated with sleep apnea (9,10). Sleep apnea may affect glycemic control, insulin, and leptin levels (11). This is a problematic cycle for getting good sleep. What to do: If you are overweight or obese, consider reducing carbohydrates and getting into the Keto Zone. A ketogenic diet is associated with improved weight and fat percentage (11, 12). It also supports healthy blood sugars (13, 14). If you need help, try the FREE Keto Zone 21-Day-Challenge and check out the Keto Zone Starter Kit including Dr. Colbert’s Keto Zone Diet Book. 6. Too Hot to Sleep If your environment is too warm at night, you may have trouble sleeping. In fact, many adults report waking up due to feeling overly warm. It may be due to the environment, or your own hormones. If you are experiencing hot flashes or warming at night, try these tips for natural hot flash relief. What to do: Ensure that your room is cool when you go to be by reducing any heat, using a fan, open window or air conditioning, and removing excess covers. If you are suffering from hot flashes, take steps listed in this post to find relief. Bottom Line Getting good sleep is important. And, an insufficient percentage of REM each night can have serious consequences. Thankfully, there are many steps we can all take to improve our hours of sleep and REM percentage. Take a look at your own lifestyle. What can you do to ensure you’re getting good sleep? To read the original article click here. For more articles by Dr. Colbert click here.

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Daily Exposure to Blue Light May Accelerate Aging, Even If It Doesn’t Reach Your Eyes

AHA Publisher — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 07:00:14 +0000

Oregon State University via Science Daily – Prolonged exposure to blue light, such as that which emanates from your phone, computer and household fixtures, could be affecting your longevity, even if it’s not shining in your eyes. New research suggests that the blue wavelengths produced by light-emitting diodes damage cells in the brain as well as retinas, according to a new study in a model organism. To read the original article click here.

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